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Formula chains

Short compressed notes per week — formula chains linked to full week notes and pattern atlas dissections.

Week 1 · Mathematics I

Sets, number systems & functions

ℕ⊆ℤ⊆ℚ⊆ℝ → sets → relations → function test (one output per input).

5 formulas4 concepts3 traps
Full week note
Week at a glance
  • Set vs element: — distinguish x∈Ax \in A from {x}⊆A\{x\} \subseteq A; state the universal set before complements.
  • Operations: — union, intersection, difference, complement, and Cartesian product as membership filters.
  • Relations: — domain, codomain, range; reflexive/symmetric/transitive checks on small finite sets.
  • Functions: — every input in the domain maps to exactly one output; use the vertical-line test on graphs.
Formula chain
  1. 1
    Membership
    x ∈ A

    x is an element of set A

  2. 2
    Subset
    B ⊆ A

    every element of B is in A

  3. 3
    Union / intersection
    A∪B, A∩B

    OR vs AND on membership

  4. 4
    Power set size
    |𝒫(A)| = 2^|A|

    counting subsets

  5. 5
    Function rule
    f: D→C, each d∈D has exactly one f(d)

    vertical line test on graphs

Classify before you calculate

Read each prompt aloud. Name the pattern family before opening a solution.

  1. What membership question defines A∩BA \cap B in one sentence?
  2. How do you test a graph for being a function?
  3. Membership checklist: List elements of a small universal set and two subsets.
Document outline

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Table of contents

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